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Natural Events and Disaster Management

Nepal is a small country situated in type young Himalayan rage called the Himalayas. Though it is small in size, Nepal has more topographical and other environmental diversities. About 83 percent of its total land constitutes High Himalayas and hill areas. Altitude increases from about 50 to 60 meters above sea level in the southern Terai to 8848 meters (Mt. Everest, the high peak of the world) in the northern part of the country. The country has 6000 and more rivers and rivulets. Monsoon play vital role in the precipitation system of the country. The country is facing problems of low literacy rate, high population growth, high proportion of population below poverty line, and so on. These factors stimulate deforestation, devegetation, over grazing, cultivation on marginal land areas, etc. Therefore, these topographical, geological, climatic conditions and high population growth causes various types of natural disasters. Avalanches in high Himalayas rage, causes debris flow, landslides and floods are common natural disasters in the country. Again, possibility of glacier lake outburst is also a threat of natural event to Nepalese people. Besides these, fire disasters seem a general phenomenon during the dry season. Due to the geological structure of the country, earthquakes are not uncommon. These disasters have resulted in tremendous amount of life and property losses.